Saturday, 7 March 2015

Nigeria's 'brown envelope' journalism

BBC


People read the newspaper headlines in Nigeria - 2011
In our series of letters from African journalists, writer and novelist Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani looks at journalists' struggle for survival in Nigeria.
Nigerian journalists are typically paid wretched salaries, and even the pittance to which they are entitled is often owed for months at a stretch.
A former editor with Nigeria's ThisDay newspaper last month became something of a celebrity in local media circles after an Abuja court awarded him damages against the newspaper's publishers.
Paul Ibe had in 2011 filed proceedings against his former employer, seeking payment of outstanding monthly salaries and other allowances.
"I went to court not because of the money but because of the principle involved," he told me.
"Every labourer deserves his pay."
But it is not as if their employers expect these journalists to work without pay.
A man reading a ThisDay newspaper in July 2014The former ThisDay editor was awarded more than $5,000 (£3,000) in damages
They just do not think that the staff's income should come from the organisation's pockets.

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Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani
The Nigerian media has become a thriving arena for all sorts of sponsored falsehoods”
Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani
My friend, who was a reporter with one of Nigeria's popular newspapers, said her boss often justified his non-payment of salaries by saying: "I've given you a platform to make money. Use it."
He was referring to the opportunity to collect payment from individuals or organisations in exchange for publishing their stories.
Nigerian journalists are known to prowl to and fro in search of anyone whose pay will inspire their pens.
It is common for "brown envelopes" containing cash to be handed out during press briefings - a practice that has been going on for so long that many young journalists with whom I have spoken have no idea that it is unethical.
After covering an event, they linger expectantly until the envelopes stuffed with cash arrive.
Woe betide you if you fail to meet their expectations.
Whatever you read about yourself and your event, if the item manages to find space in the newspaper, will be entirely of your own making.
With this kind of goings-on, you cannot expect the average Nigerian journalist to be fair in the presentation of facts.
'Strikes at democracy'
I know a top Nigerian politician who goes beyond brown envelopes to listing a number of editors on his payroll.
As he disburses his staff salaries monthly, he also makes payments into the editors' bank accounts.
Journalists interviewing someone in Nigeria -  2012Journalists in Nigeria can sometimes remain unpaid for months
This ensures that whenever he has any "news" to disseminate, it gets published in several media without any questions asked or facts checked.
The Nigerian media has become a thriving arena for all sorts of sponsored falsehoods.
The judicial system is equally dysfunctional, making it tortuous to win a libel case.

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I wanted to pay salaries that would enable the average reporter buy a beer for himself and a friend after work on Friday, and a small car for himself”
Dele OlojedeFounder of the defunct Next paper
This strikes at the very core of democracy, where the electorate, to make sensible choices, relies on the media for facts.
In 2008, I joined Nigeria's now-defunct Next newspapers as one of its pioneer editorial staff.
Founded by Pulitzer-winning journalist Dele Olojede, it was celebrated for its vehement policy against brown envelopes.
Within months of its launch, it was boldly reporting several important national stories that most mainstream newspapers would not touch.
When its reporters began garnering local and international awards for investigative journalism, Mr Olojede reminded us that most of those stories had been lying in the public domain, simply waiting for someone to report them.
"Real investigative journalism requires dogged digging," he said.
He explained during an editorial meeting: "I wanted to pay salaries that would enable the average reporter buy a beer for himself and a friend after work on Friday, and a small car for himself."
'Aggrieved marketers'
But revenue soon began to dry up.
In Nigeria, established newspapers are paid to keep big stories off the front page. Adverts are supposed to buy silence.
Often, Next would run a story in its popular weekend edition, only for editors to arrive at the office on Monday to meet an aggrieved marketing team - certain big advertisers had terminated their business that morning.
A newspaper vendor in Nigeria in 2013 It is alleged that big advertisers in newspapers run scared of stories that will upset important people
After one revelation about corruption in the oil trade, scores of advertisers instantly pulled out.
Many organisations began to distance themselves from the newspaper, for fear of being seen to be supporting the enemy of their friends.
At the time Next eventually called it quits in 2011, staff were owed more than five months' arrears.
Rumours of the newspaper's reporters accepting brown envelopes had begun to filter in, but few editors had the heart to reprimand offenders.
It is difficult to ascertain whether corruption in Nigeria's journalism emanated from pressure by the political and business elite, or if the media themselves initiated jukebox journalism.
Following Mr Ibe's court victory - which only one newspaper reported - journalists from around the country have been sending congratulatory messages, thanking him for giving them hope.
He has shown that the country's journalists do not have to put up with being used and abused by their employers.
However, it will take more than one court victory to bring an end to this kind of malpractice and create a thriving Nigerian media.

Thursday, 5 March 2015

2015 GENERAL ELECTIONS: FACTUAL ANALYSES AND MY ENDORSEMENT (18)



Temple Chima Ubochi
ubochit@hotmail.de
Bonn, Germany



When I consider life, it is all a cheat. Yet fooled with hope, people favor this deceit (John Dryden)Don't accept your dog's admiration as conclusive evidence that you are wonderful (Ann Landers)
To be without guile is to be free of deceit, cunning, hypocrisy, and dishonesty in thought or action (Joseph B. Wirthlin)
False friends are like our shadow, keeping close to us while we walk in the sunshine, but leaving us the instant we cross into the shade (Christian N. Bovee)
I sincerely could never have imagined that in my life time, under constitutional rule, with a deep and broad mandate, a zoologist from Bayelsa, one of our youngest states, could rise to become Commander-in-Chief. There is no better indicator that, while much remains to be achieved, our beloved Nigeria is slowly but surely maturing politically. Almost unwittingly, we are strengthening our democratic practice. And we must acknowledge and be thankful of the fact that Jonathan has taken it upon himself to diligently promote one Nigeria not only in words but in action (Shehu Shagari)
pfront, let me acknowledge that I erroneously wrote that Buhari was the Commander-in-Chief when Chadian Forces invaded a Nigerian territory. Shagari was the then President and C-I-C, while Buhari was the General Officer Commanding (GOC) 3rd Division of the Nigerian Army. It was a slip. I regret the error.
Moving on: Nobody can win this presidential election without winning the south-west region! The Yoruba know what they want and how to get it; unlike Ndiigbo who are wavering and still can't articulate what they really want in this dispensation. The south-west, being the most politically astute region in Nigeria, in that it puts its interests always at the fore-front, above other considerations, has made it clear that anybody who wants their votes must be ready to implement the recommendations of the National Conference. This is where Buhari may be jinxed, because, no northerner can agree to implement those recommendations, because, that will reorganize Nigeria, and take away the undue advantages the north enjoys over the south. President Jonathan has agreed to implement those recommendations, and the south-west leaders are rooting for him now. Any of the presidential candidates, who loses south-west, can as well kiss the election good-bye.

To understand why no president of northern extraction would implement the national conference's recommendations, listen to how a former Nigerian House Reps member claimed that the oil in Bayelsa State belongs to the North. Mr. Farouk Adamu Aliyu from Jigawa State, who was a former minority leader in the Nigerian House of Representatives, speaking at a News Conference, claimed that the oil in Bayelsa State and the Niger Delta belongs to the North or specifically Jigawa State. He said also that they will do everything possible to keep that oil flowing to the point of shedding their blood. Watch the video yourself below. I am forced to concur now that the only thing holding Nigeria together, as a country, seems to be the oil and nothing else. The Farouk Adamu Aliyu's sentiment here have been re-echoed by other northerners, at one time or the other, and such sentimentality is what fuels the political feeding frenzy that makes elections in Nigeria a do or die affair. 

This does not augur well for Nigeria. I don't know how many of us read what Ms. Annkio Briggs, a Niger Delta activist and spokesperson for the Ijaw Republican Assembly, said few days? What she said was in tandem with Aliyu's assertion, but, from a different direction. Ms. Briggs said that ruling the country is not the prerogative of Nigerians of northern extraction alone. Ms. Briggs made it clear that "President Goodluck Jonathan was the best president of the country since her independence in 1960". To her, "Jonathan had performed better than past leaders in the country". She then concluded "that the North should wait for another shot at governing the country". 

In her words: "Northerners have governed this country for nearly 40 years. If you govern a place for nearly 40 years and you cannot allow or accept that other people should govern for eight or 16 years before it becomes your turn again, then you're selfish and greedy. The only thing that is developing Nigeria today is oil and gas, yet we are being told that a man that comes from this region is not good enough for this country. If he is not good enough for this country, then the oil and gas is not good enough for this country. I believe that it is not fair for the North to insist that they must take power back. Power is not their birth right. Must people from the North always govern Nigeria; is it their birthright?" That's the problem: Ms. Briggs and Farouk Aliyu echoed the same sentiment in different ways, and in accordance with their respective parochial interests, and that's not what Nigeria needs now. We want leaders who will have a broad range of interests of Nigeria at heart, not because of where they were born or because of what their place of origin gives to Nigeria, but, because of their leadership traits, qualities and skills.

My personal advice to Buhari is that he should never trust his handlers wholly, as he will never know if they may be allies of his political enemies. Sometimes, the threat is not those that oppose you, it's those that were supposed to be beside you. Loyalty is rare these days. Let's not forget that St. Augustine of Hippo (354-430) wrote that we should "Put no faith in salvation through the political order." My warning here stems from the fact that the APC was even contemplating dumping Buhari earlier, before the Party's primaries, for Speaker Tambuwal, a more sellable candidate, but, jettisoned the idea, because of entrenched interests behind Buhari's candidacy. Some selfish individuals supporting Buhari's candidacy now might be doing so hoping that if he eventually wins the election, that he might not outlive his first tenure, as that would offer them the opportunity to actualize their own selfish, parochial and ethnic interests.

Let's analyze what The Vanguard wrote, in November 2014, about why Tinubu wanted to dump Buhari for Tambuwal. According to The Paper: "Team Tinubu, the camp of the national leader of the All Progressives Congress, APC, Asiwaju Bola Tinubu, was compelled by some former Nigerian leaders and Northern Islamic leaders to drop its support for the 2015 presidential aspiration of Gen. Muhammadu Buhari. Reflective of the pressure which also came from some close associates of Asiwaju Tinubu, the political group has switched support towards the presidential aspiration of Speaker Aminu Tambuwal, who with his entry, immediately turned into a major contender for the ticket".

The APC in general and the Tinubu camp in particular then considered several other factors before thinking of switching support, such as the alleged overbearing influence of some close associates of Gen. Buhari, who they claimed were likely to fence out other political stakeholders in a possible Buhari presidency. The Paper noted that the influence of some present and past minders of Gen. Buhari was also another reason taken into consideration. A source told The Paper that "There is this perception about Buhari that he is surrounding himself with some people like Buba Galadima, Sule Hamman, reawakening complaints about the overbearing attitude of Buhari's now dissolved political machine, The Buhari Organisation, TBO, which had in the past been accused of selectively fencing out people".

Not only that , we were told that three former heads of state, two from the north and one from the south and a very influential retired army chief from the northeast, who has also held political appointments in the present dispensation, were among those cited by sources as having prevailed on the Tinubu camp to drop support for Buhari. Another factor that almost made the Tinubu camp to drop support for Buhari, was the reservations from some sections of the north notably, some Islamic leaders! The Paper quoted a member of the Tinubu camp of saying "It is not that we dumped Buhari, the Islamic clerics, the imams and the political leaders in the north, particularly three former heads of state, said that they don't want the man". More to that, the Tinubu associates also feared that the perceptions of religious extremism which the ruling party, Peoples Democratic Party, PDP, had sought to tag on Buhari, could deny the party votes in the South were he to emerge as candidate.

The Tinubu camp also bemoaned this factor that has continued to hurt Buhari, and that is the fact that he can't lead, as he usually delegate authority. There were the concerns that Buhari could be detached from responsibility as usual, as reference was made to his past roles as head of state and chairman of the Petroleum (Special) Task Force, PTF, where his subordinates usurped authority in his name. 

This was how The Paper put it then "When he was head of state, most of the power was delegated to Idiagbon, and when he was at PTF, it was another person that took charge, and if APC says they are looking for change, Tambuwal represents that change". The most important factor that was about influencing the Tinubu camp to dump Buhari for Tambuwal, during the primaries, was the prospect of Buhari turning on Tinubu and others, once he is invested with power. The Paper wrote that "There are also fears in Tinubu's camp that the man may destroy Asiwaju and may come back to hurt him, and some of Tinubu's loyalists warned him. The matter of General Buhari's age also came into consideration in the final consideration to drop support for the former head of state, as it was reasoned that 70 to 80% of voters fall between the age of 18 to 40+ and most of them don't know Buhari. Political associates were also disturbed that inputs made by party leaders into the general's speech at his declaration at the Eagle Square, in October 2014, were discarded, raising apprehension that the general in office could reject advice. Some were also understood to have raised the fact that the former head of state also did not have enough money for the race ahead. The factors inevitably helped to shift attention towards Tambuwal who was earlier aligning himself towards the Sokoto State governorship contest".

No wonder Ambrose Bierce (1842-1914) wrote that "In each human heart are a tiger, a pig, an ass and a nightingale. Diversity of character is due to their unequal activity." The point above is that Buhari handlers have no trust and faith in him, so how can Nigerians then trust him more? These points raised by APC against Buhari before the primaries, might work against him (Buhari) during the election proper. Buhari should not trust those hanging around him; he should learn from what happened to Nuhu Ribadu in 2011, as he lost the south-west region, that was supposed to be the stronghold of the then ACN. Former President Shehu Shagari reiterated this point, in his open letter to Buhari, thus" You have entered into unholy alliance with some known elements of disunity in the south but let me warn you. You will suffer hard in the hands of Tinubu and his political merchants who will use and dump you as they did to Nuhu in 2011".

This is very interesting: This was what the former deputy leader of the Senate, Senator Jonathan Zwingina, who was Director General of the hugely successful Hope "93 Campaign of Chief Moshood Abiola, told the Vanguard on November 19, 2013,when he was asked about the political configuration of Nigeria, and how that will affect the APC?, he answered "That The South-West alliance with the North as represented by the emergence of APC is based on convenience and this seems shaky, untestable and never lasting. As someone that is also fairly familiar with South-West politics, I not only was a student there, but I played politics as a student there but I was in the UPN and I was in the same campaign outfit with Chief Awolowo as far back as 1979, I was also the campaign manager to Chief Olu Falae and I was the campaign manager to Chief MKO Abiola and I delivered June 12, so I have a fair idea of the direction they take. The South-West is the most sober political block in Nigeria and they strike their alliances based on pure political calculations. When the time comes, they will calculate the direction of their votes based on national interest and based on the ticket that will give them peace and order and based on what they see that will promote their interest because right now, the South-West is not quite ready for the Presidency, both from the history of Nigeria and the history of their leaders. So, they are not going to do a do or die in the presidential election. If they find out that the Goodluck Presidency will promote the peace that they have had and does not threaten their governorship ambitions, they will be better advised to settle with it than any other presidency. 

The Goodluck Presidency is not a vindictive presidency and has not taken advantage of any group and has not in any way created hatred among the communities".
To reinforce the above points: Some reputed Yoruba leaders have made it clear, albeit rightly, that Nigeria needs structural change and not personality change. Some of the distinguished South-West leaders, met on Feb. 19, 2015, and said that the only genuine change the nation craves for now is that of the constitution and not of personality at the helm of the country's affairs. Rising from a six-hour meeting in Akure, the Ondo State capital, they therefore resolved to work assiduously to ensure that the Confab recommendations get translated to concrete realities and back President Goodluck Jonathan for re-election. 

The leaders, at the meeting, include Afenifere elder, Chief Ayo Adebanjo; Chairman of the Presidential Advisory Committee on National Conference, Senator Femi Okurounmu; Chairman, Unity Party of Nigeria, UPN, Dr Fredrick Fasehun; Dr Kunle Olajide; Coordinator of Odua Peoples Congress, OPC, Otunba Gani Adams; Afenifere Secretary, Yinka Odumakin; Prof. Dupe Olatubosun; Dr Olusegun Mimiko; Minister of state for Works, Prince Dayo Adeyeye among others.

Let's hear it directly from the horses' mouth:
The National Co-ordinator of the Odua Peoples Congress (OPC), Otunba Gani Adams, On Feb 23, also said that six million members of the group have resolved to vote for President Goodluck Jonathan at the March 28 presidential polls. He said OPC members took the decision at their National Co-ordinating Council meeting after taking time to assess President Goodluck Jonathan of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) and Major Gen Muhammadu Buhari (retd) of the All Progressives Congress (APC). He made the disclosure at his Lagos residence while hosting Special Adviser to President Jonathan on Niger Delta Affairs, Hon Kingsley Kuku, who came to solicit his and OPC's support for Jonathan's re-election. Adams said OPC is rooting for Jonathan because of his human rights records in not arresting or detaining any activist since he came to power, convocation of national conference and promise to implement the 633 recommendations that will help to restructure the country, which he said is in the interest of the Yoruba and South-west. He said: ''OPC is a group of six million people. We sat down at our National Co-ordinating Council to decide on who to vote for between President Jonathan and Buhari and the support for Jonathan is unanimous. Now, we have come out to support Jonathan because of the National Conference. We have been clamouring for National Conference since 1992, even our leaders could not organise it. President Olusegun Obasanjo organised the National Political Reforms Conference with a lot of no-go areas. In the end there was a stalemate. Now a minority, Jonathan, did it. The only no-go area is the unity of the country. He gave us open cheque to decide the future of Nigeria."

Mr. Yinka Odumakin, who was with Buhari in 2011, but, now for Jonathan, also noted the importance of the National Conference and the reason Afenifere has endorsed President Goodluck Jonathan, because it was convinced he would implement the report of the confab. He said further that we have those who campaigned vigorously against that conference; who worked tirelessly against it; and who said nothing about it in their manifesto. And now, they are promising us change. Which change? Change from what to what? Who are the change agents? You take half of PDP and you sprinkle it. The only change that we need before we can move to any other policy change is to change the structure of Nigeria. The current structure of Nigeria cannot work except we change it. 

People of low intellect insinuate things. They do not react based on convictions. The best thing is for one to pursue one's goals and history will vindicate who is right and who is wrong. The same people today are the ones who opposed the national conference; they are telling people now that we have passed the stage of restructuring Nigeria because they have restructured the country to their own interest. They have taken what they want from Nigeria because we know what they were worth in 1999 and today they are multibillionaires and trillionaires at the expense of our people. They are now pumping money all over the place for people to write nonsense; maligning people that they have been bought. We are bought by our convictions that Nigeria is not going to work as it is. It is only political merchants who want to short-change our people that are selling a lie to them and calling it change. Which change? You can see the billboards all over Lagos: One meal for pupils in school in one day. Is that a change for us in Yorubaland?

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To be continued!
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THE THANX IS ALL YOURS!!!

Wednesday, 4 March 2015

University feeds 270,000 taking refuge from Boko Haram

BBC

AUN YolaThe university feeds families in a town inundated with people made refugees by Boko Haram violence
The kidnapping of schoolgirls in Chibok in Nigeria by Boko Haram caught the attention of the world. Some of the girls who escaped are being taught at a school run by the American University of Nigeria.
The university now finds itself helping to feed 270,000 displaced people, pushed out of their own homes by violence. The university's president describes the humanitarian crisis unfolding around her.
How does an American-style university survive in northern Nigeria, where Boko Haram has been waging war against education?
Can a university function in a town that has doubled in size with people fleeing the terror?
This is a region where thousands of citizens have been killed, villages have been destroyed and hundreds of thousands have been displaced.
Against this backdrop, at the edge of Boko Haram controlled territory, sits the American University of Nigeria (AUN), which stands for western education in name and practice.
It is located in Adamawa state, one of three northern Nigerian states in a state of emergency with a curfew. Yet the capital Yola remains a safe haven, free of the violence that plagues so much of the north-east.
But now with an estimated 400,000 "internally displaced persons" in Yola, there is another humanitarian crisis right outside the gates of this outpost of American education.
Raising the alarm
The magnitude of Boko Haram's devastation was not evident to those outside north-east Nigeria until news reports and photos began showing the violence and devastation.
Yola, NigeriaCrowds come to the university for food and clothing
For those of us here in Yola, we have been daily confronted with the realities of the violence of Boko Haram. Almost a full year ago in March 2014, we were asked by the Emir of Mubi to bring food and clothing to a group of displaced women and girls.
When we asked, "Where are your boys and husbands?" the women cried and then turned quiet. Finally one said: "They were burned or forced to join Boko Haram."
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More from the BBC's Knowledge economy series looking at education from a global perspective
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Since then, we have been trying to raise the alarm by sharing the story of these women who ran with their daughters and lost their husbands and sons to Boko Haram.
At first a few thousand internally displaced people, mostly women and children, came to live in our city. Many stayed with their relatives. With the university the largest employer in the region, we heard their stories through family members who are employees.
Volunteer A volunteer teacher working with some of the children of refugees in Yola
Most arrived only with the clothes on their backs. The university gave them food and blankets. Then 5,000 more came and community leaders rallied to help them.
Planting crops
A local chief from the village of Bole, where AUN is located, offered to settle the displaced on his land if the university and the Adamawa Peace Initiative, which brings together community and religious leaders, could give them seeds to plant on the land.
Now this visionary traditional leader, Chief Abdulomumuni, counts those seeking refuge as part of his village. But more kept coming: 20,000, then 100,000, now close to 400,000 displaced people are in Yola.
The population of Yola, which is normally 300,000, has more than doubled with the addition of people who have fled the horror of Boko Haram.
Yola, NigeriaNext generation: Children gather at a camp for displaced people in Yola
Only a small percentage of them, about 10,000, are living in government-run refugee camps.
The Nigerian culture is generous and dedicated to family. Extended relatives are offered shelter regardless of the strain it will put on already stretched resources.
As a result, some Yola residents, including one of AUN's drivers, have as many as 50 displaced persons living with them in their homes. It is a mark of shame to let even a distant family member go to a refugee camp.
While there is food distribution in the camps, the living conditions are not good, and lately there have been serious allegations of abuse.
Church grounds
This leaves the vast majority of the displaced living in our community with relatives or on church grounds. Close to 3,000 Christians and Muslims live on the grounds of St Theresa's Catholic Church. Here Bishop Mamza, a member of the Adamawa Peace Initiative takes care of housing and distributing food to them.
Mother of Chibok kidnapped schoolgirlWaiting for their children: A mother of a Chibok schoolgirl abducted last year
An additional 30,000 women come to the church grounds to receive food aid from the university and Adamawa Peace Initiative.
Why only women? When we began the food distributions the men were disorderly and at times unruly, so at St Theresa's we have limited the distributions to women only.
Each woman represents an extended family of about 20. Last weekend we gave aid to 5,000 at the church. This means 100,000 will have food for two weeks.
Food distribution also takes place almost every week at the Muslim Council. And just as at St Theresa's Catholic Church, Christians and Muslims come together.
Here the "feedings" are deliberately smaller so both women, children and men participate.
Imams and bishops
Organised by Imam Dauda Bello, the rice, maize and beans are passed out to the hungry with the help of local bishops, other imams, our university students, faculty and staff. One of the Christian bishops also assists.
Most large non-governmental organisations are set up to provide aid to refugees in camps, but are not set up to deal with hundreds of thousands of refugees outside of the camps.
Refugees in YolaThere are more than 400,000 refugees in Yola being helped by the university and Muslim and Christian leaders
AUN is now feeding 270,000 of the 390,000 sheltering with family or relatives.
While we have been fortunate to receive $100,000 (£65,000) from US Agency for International Development (US AID) and another $200,000 (£130,000) from AUN's founder, Atiku Abubakar, this will not last past the new date for elections on 28 March.
And the university is appealing for more support to help displaced people and to provide scholarships.
Even if Boko Haram were suddenly defeated and no more displaced people came to Yola, people will shelter in Yola for the foreseeable future.
Most have no homes or villages to which to return and many no longer have husbands or sons to provide for them.
Witnesses to terror
Funds to feed, clothe, provide medicine are desperately needed - and they need to go to local organisations that have the knowledge and experience to provide in the community and not in camps.
Escapee from Boko HaramThis 15 year old had been a Boko Haram captive. There are 21 girls at the university who escaped from kidnapping
Among our 400,000 displaced persons in Yola, there are approximately 200,000 children in Yola. Some are orphans, others do not know whether their parents are still alive.
Many have witnessed Boko Haram's gruesome atrocities first hand. None of these children is in school. With a few vans, tablet computers, books and the dedication of our students and staff, we could create a mobile education program to make sure the future of Nigeria keeps learning. But this too requires funds.
As a development university, we are committed to community development programs that are enabling an environment for peace, women's empowerment, and socioeconomic equality. Today we are embracing a much broader definition of community - both inside and outside our university gates - and the problems that come with that larger community.
Almost a year ago, Boko Haram abducted 276 girls from their school in Chibok. The #BringBackOurGirls campaign garnered headlines, international attention and outrage.
Yet 10 months later, they are all but forgotten by world, but not by the AUN community. We are now home to 21 of the "girls" who escaped after being kidnapped in April 2014 by Boko Haram.
Refugee familyA family pack their belongings after Boko Haram attacked their village
These girls - who are actually strong young women of 16, 17, 18 and 19 years old - inspire us every day. The entire campus has embraced them.
Our female head of the Honor Society and chair of Society of Ethics and Leadership Club live in their residence hall and mentor them.
'Obsessed with peace'
They play sports with our students, yet their memories of the evening they were kidnapped still weigh heavily on them and are a topic that is still too painful for them to talk about.
Yola, NigeriaA young woman in Yola who had been caught up in a Boko Haram raid
They are continuing their education and aspire to become teachers, lawyers, dentists and doctors and go back to Chibok to help their families and town rebuild. They are in intensive classes from 8am to 5pm, preparing for the exams that they were about to take when they were kidnapped last year.
I asked them recently if they would write me what education means to them. One of the young women, Grace said, "Education gives me the wings to fly, the power to fight and the voice to speak."
How does a university not only survive, but also enable its students to thrive in such circumstances?
Imam Dauda Bello says he is "obsessed with peace." We all are obsessed with peace in Yola. Perhaps that is why we are safe in the midst of violence and anarchy and our students are growing the wings to fly.

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Sunday, 1 March 2015

Uruguay bids farewell to Jose Mujica, its pauper president

BBC

Wyre DaviesRio de Janeiro correspondent


Whatever your own particular "shade" of politics, it's impossible not to be impressed or beguiled by Jose "Pepe" Mujica.
There are idealistic, hard-working and honest politicians the world over - although cynics might argue they're a small minority - but none of them surely comes anywhere close to the outgoing Uruguayan president when it comes to living by one's principles.
It's not just for show. Mujica's beat-up old VW Beetle is probably one of the most famous cars in the world and his decision to forgo the luxury of the Presidential Palace is not unique - his successor, Tabare Vasquez, will also probably elect to live at home.
But when you visit "Pepe" at his tiny, one-storey home on the outskirts of Montevideo you realise that the man is as good as his word.
People walk past graffiti thanking Jose 'Pepe' Mujica, Uruguay's outgoing president - 28 February 2015Mujica leaves office with Uruguay's economy in better shape than its bigger neighbours
Wearing what could best be described as "casual" clothes - I don't think he's ever been seen wearing a tie - Mujica seats himself down on a simple wooden stool in front of a bookshelf that seems on the verge of collapsing under the weight of biographies and mementoes from his political adversaries and allies.

Start Quote

This world is crazy, crazy! People are amazed by normal things and that obsession worries me!" ”
Books are important to the former guerrilla fighter who spent a total of 13 years in jail, two of them lying at the bottom of an old horse trough. It was an experience that almost broke him mentally and which shaped his transformation from fighter to politician.
'Inner strength'
"I was imprisoned in solitary [confinement] so the day they put me on a sofa I felt comfortable!" Mujica jokes.
"I've no doubt that had I not lived through that I would not be who I am today. Prison, solitary confinement had a huge influence on me. I had to find an inner strength. I couldn't even read a book for seven, eight years - imagine that!"
Given his past, it's perhaps understandable why Mujica gives away about 90% of his salary to charity, simply because he "has no need for it".
A little bit grumpy to begin with, Mujcia warms to his task as he describes being perplexed by those who question his lifestyle.
"This world is crazy, crazy! People are amazed by normal things and that obsession worries me!"
Uruguayan President Jose Mujica with his wife Lucia Topolansky during a farewell ceremony in Montevideo - 27 February 2015He married Lucia Topolansky, his long-term partner and former co-revolutionary, in 2005
Not afraid to take a swipe at his fellow leaders, he adds: "All I do is live like the majority of my people, not the minority. I'm living a normal life and Italian, Spanish leaders should also live as their people do. They shouldn't be aspiring to or copying a rich minority."
Jose Mujica is outspoken and sometimes brusque, but he can afford to be so.
Uruguay is often referred to as the most liberal country in South America. As economic and political turmoil threaten to engulf the neighbouring giants of Brazil and Argentina, this country of just three million people certainly feels like a refuge.
Controversial policies
Mujica leaves office with a relatively healthy economy and with social stability those bigger neighbours could only dream of.
Mujica's underlying principles are still socialist but he's a man who has mellowed with age. Some of the most controversial political initiatives from his five years as president - like the legalisation of abortion and cannabis - were done for pragmatic as much as ideological reasons.

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I have no intention of being an old pensioner, sitting in a corner writing my memoirs - no way!"”
"Marijuana is another plague, another addiction. Some say its good but no, that's rubbish. Not marijuana, tobacco or alcohol - the only good addiction is love!" says the man who in 2005 married his long-term partner and former co-revolutionary, Lucia Topolansky.
"But 150,000 people smoke [marijuana] here and I couldn't leave them at the mercy of drugs traffickers," he says. "It's easier to control something if it's legal and that's why we've done this."
Uruguay's President Jose Mujica flashes a thumbs up as he and and his wife leave their home on the outskirts of Montevideo in their famous VW Beetle - 2 May 2014Although Mujica is leaving the presidency, he says he has no intention of retiring quietly
Mujica, who is sometimes described as the "president every other country would like to have," dismisses all the adulation and attention with a waft of his hand but he is not leaving the stage just yet.
"I have no intention of being an old pensioner, sitting in a corner writing my memoirs - no way!" he barks at me with a grin.
"I'm tired of course, but I'm not ready to stop. My journey's ending and every day I'm a little closer to the grave."
Maybe so, but this enigmatic leader remains an inspiration to many and is a reminder that politics is meant to be a humble and honourable profession.
Wyre DaviesArticle written by Wyre DaviesWyre DaviesRio de Janeiro correspondent

Uruguay bids farewell to Jose Mujica, its pauper president

Uruguay's departing leader, Jose Mujica, has acquired almost celebrity status, not just for his political achievements, but also for his humble lifestyle, writes the BBC's Wyre Davies.

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